Dan Tawfik, Bernath, Kalia , Aharoni, Amir , Peisajovich, Sergio , Griffiths, Andrew D, Mastrobattista, Enrico , and Magdassi, Shlomo. . 2007.
“Compositions And Methods For In Vitro Sorting Of Molecular And Cellular Libraries In Water-In-Oil-In-Water Emulsions.”.
Abstract The present invention provides an in vitro system for compartmentalization of mol. or cellular libraries and provides methods for selection and isolation of desired mols. or cells from the libraries. The library includes a plurality of distinct mols. or cells encapsulated within a water-in-oil-in-water emulsion. The emulsion includes a continuous external aq. phase and a discontinuous dispersion of water-in-oil droplets. The internal aq. phase of a plurality of such droplets comprises a specific mol. or cell that is within the plurality of distinct mols. or cells of the library. Thus, for example, mutants with improved β-galactosidase activity can be selected from a random mutagenesis library of evolved β-galactosidase lacZ gene using a double emulsion selection system. [on SciFinder(R)]
The invention relates to an ink-jet ink compn. for printing on a ceramic substrate comprising: (a) a liq. vehicle; (b) sub-micron particles of binding compn. having a m.p. below 6000C; and (c) sub-micron particles causing an etch-like effect, said sub-micron particles are selected from metal oxide particles, high m.p. frit particles, and a combination thereof, said sub-micron particles causing an etch-like effect have a m.p. of at least 500C above the m.p. of said sub-micron particles of binding compn. The invention further relates to a printing process using such ink and to a ceramic substrate printed with a pattern or image having an etch-like effect, by means of the printing process. [on SciFinder(R)]
A review. Current approaches to the prepn. of nanoparticles in confined structures are described. The prepn. of inorg. and org. nanoparticles in nanometric confined structures, such as reverse micelles, water-in-oil and oil-in-water microemulsions, water-in-supercrit. liq. microemulsions, micelles of amphiphilic block copolymers, miniemulsions, dendrimers, polymeric capsules, pore channels of mesoporous solids, and nanoporous membranes, and liq. crystals are discussed. Examples of practical applications of the nanoparticles obtained are presented. [on SciFinder(R)]
We describe a new method for the prepn. of org. nanoparticles from nanoemulsions which were prepd. by the phase inversion temp. (PIT) method. This is a low-energy technique which does not require any special equipment such as high pressure homogenizers. In this work, the method is demonstrated for prepn. of nanoparticles of poly-lauryl acrylate contg., in some cases, a crosslinker (trimethylolpropane triacrylate-TMPTA) and pyrene as microviscosity and micropolarity probes, resp. The nanoemulsions were prepd. by using a poly(oxyethylene) nonionic surfactant, Brij 96V (POE (10) oleyl alc.), and combinations of Brij 96V and Brij 92V (POE (2) oleyl alc.), with acrylate monomers which form the oil phase in the oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions. The nanodroplets were polymd., yielding nanoparticles having an av. diam. between 50 and 120 nm with a narrow size distribution, using a water-sol. thermal initiator (ammonium persulfate) and activated by ferrous ions, Fe+2. The emission colors of the pyrene-embedded nanoemulsions changed from blue to violet after polymn., due to the absence of excimers. This method may be applied for the prepn. of a variety of polymeric nanoparticles, in which functional mols. are embedded within the particles. [on SciFinder(R)]
A new method for the prepn. of nanoparticles from nano-emulsions using a low-energy emulsification method based on phase inversion at const. temp. (catastrophic inversion) is described. This method does not require any special equipment such as high-pressure homogenizers. The method is demonstrated for the prepn. of Et cellulose nanoparticles contg. pyrene (a microviscosity and micropolarity probe) as a hydrophobic model mol. The nano-emulsions were prepd. using a combination of non-ionic surfactants: Polyglycerol fatty acid ester (decaglycerol mono laurate) and sorbitan ester (Span 20), volatile org. solvent (toluene) and Et cellulose. Toluene was evapd. from the nano-emulsions, resulting in Et cellulose nanoparticles 50-120 nm in size. The emission colors of the pyrene-embedded nano-emulsions changed from blue to violet after the evapn. of the toluene because of the absence of excimers. This method may be applied for the prepn. of a variety of polymeric nanoparticles in which functional mols. are embedded within the particles. [on SciFinder(R)]